وبلاگ پرستاری ایران

1. Which of the following is not directly associated with the lymphatic pathway?

A. Lymphatic trunk
B. Collecting duct
C. Subclavian vein
D. Carotid arteries

2. The thymus is responsible for secreting _____ from epithelial cells.

A. Thymosin
B. Growth hormone
C. Macrophages
D. Plasma cells

3. Which of the following types of cytokines is responsible for the growth and maturation of B cells?

A. Interleukin-1
B. Interleukin-2
C. Interleukin-4
D. Interleukin-7

4. Which of the following types of immunoglobulins is the most responsible for promoting allergic reactions?

A. IgA
B. IgM
C. IgD
D. IgE

5. Which of the following types of immunoglobulins is located on the surface of most B-lymphocytes?

A. IgA
B. IgM
C. IgD
D. IgE

6. Which of the following types of immunoglobulins does not cross the barrier between mother and infant in the womb?

A. IgA
B. IgM
C. IgD
D. IgE

7. Which of the following is not an autoimmune disease?

A. Graves disease
B. Myasthenia gravis
C. Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
D. Alzheimer's disease

8. T-cell activation requires a/an _______ cell.

A. Activation
B. Accessory
C. Plasma
D. Helper

9. The thymus is located with the _______.

A. Mediastinum
B. Peristinum
C. Epistinum
D. Endostinum

10. Which of the following statements is false regarding the spleen?

A. Divided up into lobules
B. Similar to a large lymph node
C. Contains macrophages
D. Limited blood within the lobules

11. Which of the following is not considered a central location of lymph nodes?

A. Cervical
B. Axillary
C. Inguinal
D. Tibial

12. Lymphocytes that reach the thymus become _____.

A. T-cells
B. B-cells
C. Plasma cells
D. Beta cells

13. Lymphocytes that do not reach the thymus become _____.

A. T-cells
B. B-cells
C. Plasma cells
D. Beta cells

14. Which of the following is associated with a B cell deficiency?

A. Job's syndrome
B. Chronic granulomatous disease
C. Bruton's agammaglobulinemia
D. Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome

15. Which of the following is the autoantibody for systemic lupus?

A. Anti-microsomal
B. Antinuclear antibodies
C. Anti-gliadin
D. Anti-histone

16. The TB skin test is an example of ______.

A. Delayed hypersensitivity
B. Serum sickness
C. Cytotoxic reaction
D. Arthus reaction

17. Which of the following types of cytokines is secreted by macrophages?

A. IL-1
B. IL-2
C. IL-3
D. IL-4

18. Which of the following types of immunoglobulins binds complement?

A. IgA
B. IgD
C. IgE
D. IgG

19. Which of the following is a key component of cytotoxic T cells?

A. CD2
B. CD4
C. CD8
D. CD10

20. Which of the following is not a primary target group of T cells?

A. Viruses
B. Toxins
C. Fungi
D. TB

A. Escharotomy
B. Dehiscence
C. Transection
D. Escharotic's procedure

2. Which of the following types of wounds match the criteria: plantar aspect of foot, met heads, heel?

A. Arterial
B. Plantar
C. Venous
D. Diabetic

3. Which of the following terms matches: water and electrolytes (clear)?

A. Exudate
B. Transudate
C. Serosanguineous
D. Induration

4. Which of the following edema assessment levels corresponds with: Depression resolving in 10-15 sec?

A. +1
B. +2
C. +3
D. +4

5. Which of the following terms matches the statement: to increase the fibrous element; to make hard as in the presence of cellulites?

A. Induration
B. Necrosis
C. Eschar
D. Maceration

6. Following the rule of nines. What percent would a third degree burn to the entire arm and back cover?

A. 28%
B. 27%
C. 20%
D. 18%

7. Which of the following matches the defintion: A full thickness skin loss involving damage or necrosis of subcutaneous tissue that may extend down to but not through underlying fascia, infection and/or necrosis may be present?

A. Stage I wound
B. Stage II wound
C. Stage III wound
D. Stage IV wound

8. Which of the following types of wound is indicated by the definition: relatively painless, decreased with elevation?

A. Arterial
B. Plantar
C. Venous
D. Diabetic

9. Which of the following matches the definition: The loss of circulatory fluids into interstitial spaces?

A. Hypovolemia
B. Necrosis
C. Eschar
D. Maceration

10. An emollient has a/an _____ effect.

A. Pruritic
B. Antipruritic
C. Rupture
D. Impetigo

11. Which of the following is the outermost layer of the epidermis?

A. Stratum spinosum
B. Stratum corneum
C. Stratum granulosum
D. Stratum basale

12. Which of the following is the deepest layer of the epidermis?

A. Stratum spinosum
B. Stratum corneum
C. Stratum granulosum
D. Stratum basale

13. Which of the following is beneath the stratum corneum?

A. Stratum spinosum
B. Stratum corneum
C. Stratum granulosum
D. Stratum basale

14. Vitamin D is created from _________ by skin cells.

A. Dehydrocholesterol
B. Cholesterol
C. Hydrocholesterol
D. Hydrodermis

15. Which of the following is another name for blackheads associated with acme?

A. Pustules
B. Sebaceous
C. Eccrine
D. Comedones

16. Which of the following identifies skin from a cadaver used in a burn graft?

A. Homograft
B. Autograft
C. Allograft
D. Xenograft

17. Which of the following is a disease characterized by hyperactive sebaceous glands and often associated with dandruff?

A. Keloid
B. Seborrhea
C. Eczema
D. Urticaria

18. Which of the following is a disease characterized by the presence of hives?

A. Keloid
B. Seborrhea
C. Eczema
D. Urticaria

19. Which of the following is a disease characterized by a skin rash that is blistering and itchy?

A. Keloid
B. Seborrhea
C. Eczema
D. Urticaria

20. Sebaceous glands secrete _______.

A. Sebum
B. Impetigo
C. Serous
D. Sirius

A. Primarily affects males
B. Occasional malignancy
C. Can lead to weight gain
D. Affects people over 65

2. Which of the following is not a specific element of Hepatitis C?

A. Vaccine available
B. May be transmitted with sexual contact
C. Inflammation of the liver
D. Lifetime carrier

3. Which of the following Vitamins is not stored in the Liver?

A. Vitamin A
B. Vitamin B
C. Vitamin C
D. Vitamin D

4. Which of the following is not a contributor to a condition of ascites?

A. Elevated levels of aldosterone
B. Hypertension
C. Low levels of albumin
D. Elevated levels of angiotension I

5. Which of the following drugs is a histamine blocker and reduces levels of gastric acid?

A. Omeprazole (Prilosec)
B. Metoclopramide (Reglan)
C. Cimetidine (Tagamet)
D. Magnesium Hydroxide (Maalox

6. Which of the following drugs is an antacid?

A. Omeprazole (Prilosec)
B. Metoclopramide (Reglan)
C. Cimetidine (Tagamet)
D. Magnesium Hydroxide (Maalox)

7. Which of the following drugs is a dopamine antagonist?

A. Omeprazole (Prilosec)
B. Metoclopramide (Reglan)
C. Cimetidine (Tagamet)
D. Magnesium Hydroxide (Maalox)

8. Another name for the Whipple procedure is a ________.

A. Cholangiopancreatography
B. Pancreatoduodenectomy
C. Cholangiogram
D. Cholecystogram

9. Which of the following microorganisms has been linked to Parotitis?

A. Staphylococcus aureus
B. Schistosoma
C. Wucheria bancrofti
D. Trypanosoma cruzi

10. What type of cell releases somatostatin?

A. b cells
B. a cells
C. plasma cells
D. D cells

11. What type of cell releases glucagon?

A. b cells
B. a cells
C. plasma cells
D. D cells

12. What type of cell releases insulin?

A. b cells
B. a cells
C. plasma cells
D. D cells

13. Another name for the (Billroth II)procedure is a ________.

A. Gastrojejunostomy
B. Gastroduodenostomy
C. Cholangiogram
D. Cholecystogram

14. Another name for the (Billroth I)procedure is a ________.

A. Gastrojejunostomy
B. Gastroduodenostomy
C. Cholangiogram
D. Cholecystogram

15. Which of the following arteries supplies blood primarily to the Midgut?

A. IMA
B. Celiac
C. SMA
D. Axillary

16. Which of the following is not considered a right of medication?

A. Dose
B. Time
C. Route
D. Limit

17. Another name for the Myenteric plexus is the ________.

A. Submucosal plexus
B. Branchial plexus
C. Auerbach's plexus
D. Lumbar plexus

18. Which of the following enzyme breaks down starches to maltose.

A. Amylase
B. Lipase
C. Trypsinogen
D. Pepsin

19. Which of the following is not considered an H₂ blocker?

A. Ranitidine (Zantac)
B. Famotidine (Pepcid)
C. Cimetidine (Tagament)
D. Sucralfate (Carafate)

20. Which of the following drugs aids in gastric emptying?

A. Cisapride (Propulsid)
B. Ranitidine (Zantac)
C. Famotidine (Pepcid)
D. Tranylcypromine sulfate (Parnate)

126. After the physician performs an amniotomy, the nurse's first action should be to assess the:

1. Degree of cervical dilation

2. Fetal heart tones

3. Client's vital signs

4. Client's level of discomfort

127. A client is admitted to the labor and delivery unit. The nurse performs a vaginal exam and determines that the client's cervix is 5cm dilated with 75% effacement. Based on the nurse's assessment the client is in which phase of labor?

1. Active

2. Latent

3. Transition

4. Early

128. A newborn with narcotic abstinence syndrome is admitted to the nursery. Nursing care of the newborn should include:

1. Teaching the mother to provide tactile stimulation

2. Wrapping the newborn snugly in a blanket

3. Placing the newborn in the infant seat

4. Initiating an early infant-stimulation program

129. A client elects to have epidural anesthesia to relieve the discomfort of labor. Following the initiation of epidural anesthesia, the nurse should give priority to:

1. Checking for cervical dilation

2. Placing the client in a supine position

3. Checking the client's blood pressure

4. Obtaining a fetal heart rate

130. The nurse is aware that the best way to prevent post- operative wound infection in the surgical client is to:

1. Administer a prescribed antibiotic

2. Wash her hands for 2 minutes before care

3. Wear a mask when providing care

4. Ask the client to cover her mouth when she coughs

131. The elderly client is admitted to the emergency room. Which symptom is the client with a fractured hip most likely to exhibit?

1. Pain

2. Disalignment

3. Cool extremity

4. Absence of pedal pulses

132. The nurse knows that a 60-year-old female client's susceptibility to osteoporosis is most likely related to:

1. Lack of exercise

2. Hormonal disturbances

3. Lack of calcium

4. Genetic predisposition

133. A 2-year-old is admitted for repair of a fractured femur and is placed in Bryant's traction. Which finding by the nurse indicates that the traction is working properly?

1. The infant no longer complains of pain.

2. The buttocks are 15° off the bed.

3. The legs are suspended in the traction.

4. The pins are secured within the pulley.

134. A client with a fractured hip has been placed in Buck's traction. Which statement is true regarding balanced skeletal traction? Balanced skeletal traction:

1. Utilizes a Steinman pin

2. Requires that both legs be secured

3. Utilizes Kirschner wires

4. Is used primarily to heal the fractured hips

135. The client is admitted for an open reduction internal fixation of a fractured hip. Immediately following surgery, the nurse should give priority to assessing the:

1. Serum collection (Davol) drain

2. Client's pain

3. Nutritional status

4. Immobilizer

136. Which statement made by the family member caring for the client with a percutaneous gastrostomy tube indicates understanding of the nurse's teaching?

1. "I must flush the tube with water after feedings and clamp the tube."

2. "I must check placement four times per day."

3. "I will report to the doctor any signs of indigestion."

4. "If my father is unable to swallow, I will discontinue the feeding and call the clinic."

137. The nurse is assessing the client with a total knee replacement 2 hours post-operative. Which information requires notification of the doctor?

1. Bleeding on the dressing is 3cm in diameter.

2. The client has a temperature of 6°F.

3. The client's hematocrit is 26%.

4. The urinary output has been 60 during the last 2 hours.

138. The nurse is caring for the client with a 5-year-old diagnosis of plumbism. Which information in the health history is most likely related to the development of plumbism?

1. The client has traveled out of the country in the last 6 months.

2. The client's parents are skilled stained-glass artists.

3. The client lives in a house built in 1

4. The client has several brothers and sisters.

139. A client with a total hip replacement requires special equipment. Which equipment would assist the client with a total hip replacement with activities of daily living?

1. High-seat commode

2. Recliner

3. TENS unit

4. Abduction pillow

140. An elderly client with an abdominal surgery is admitted to the unit following surgery. In anticipation of complications of anesthesia and narcotic administration, the nurse should:

1. Administer oxygen via nasal cannula

2. Have narcan (naloxane) available

3. Prepare to administer blood products

4. Prepare to do cardioresuscitation

141. Which roommate would be most suitable for the 6-year-old male with a fractured femur in Russell's traction?

1. 16-year-old female with scoliosis

2. 12-year-old male with a fractured femur

3. 10-year-old male with sarcoma

4. 6-year-old male with osteomylitis

142. A client with osteoarthritis has a prescription for Celebrex (celecoxib). Which instruction should be included in the discharge teaching?

1. Take the medication with milk.

2. Report chest pain.

3. Remain upright after taking for 30 minutes.

4. Allow 6 weeks for optimal effects.

143. A client with a fractured tibia has a plaster-of-Paris cast applied to immobilize the fracture. Which action by the nurse indicates understanding of a plaster-of-Paris cast? The nurse:

1. Handles the cast with the fingertips

2. Petals the cast

3. Dries the cast with a hair dryer

4. Allows 24 hours before bearing weight

144. The teenager with a fiberglass cast asks the nurse if it will be okay to allow his friends to autograph his cast. Which response would be best?

1. "It will be alright for your friends to autograph the cast."

2. "Because the cast is made of plaster, autographing can weaken the cast."

3. "If they don't use chalk to autograph, it is okay."

4. "Autographing or writing on the cast in any form will harm the cast."

145. The nurse is assigned to care for the client with a Steinmen pin. During pin care, she notes that the LPN uses sterile gloves and Q-tips to clean the pin. Which action should the nurse take at this time?

1. Assisting the LPN with opening sterile packages and peroxide

2. Telling the LPN that clean gloves are allowed

3. Telling the LPN that the registered nurse should perform pin care

4. Asking the LPN to clean the weights and pulleys with peroxide

146. A child with scoliosis has a spica cast applied. Which action specific to the spica cast should be taken?

1. Check the bowel sounds

2. Assess the blood pressure

3. Offer pain medication

4. Check for swelling

147. The client with a cervical fracture is placed in traction. Which type of traction will be utilized at the time of discharge?

1. Russell's traction

2. Buck's traction

3. Halo traction

4. Crutchfield tong traction

148. A client with a total knee replacement has a CPM (continuous passive motion device) applied during the post-operative period. Which statement made by the nurse indicates understanding of the CPM machine?

1. "Use of the CPM will permit the client to ambulate during the therapy."

2. "The CPM machine controls should be positioned distal to the site."

3. "If the client complains of pain during the therapy, I will turn off the machine and call the doctor."

4. "Use of the CPM machine will alleviate the need for physical therapy after the client is discharged."

149. A client with a fractured hip is being taught correct use of the walker. The nurse is aware that the correct use of the walker is achieved if the:

1. Palms rest lightly on the handles

2. Elbows are flexed 0°

3. Client walks to the front of the walker

4. Client carries the walker

150. When assessing a laboring client, the nurse finds a prolapsed cord. The nurse should:

1. Attempt to replace the cord

2. Place the client on her left side

3. Elevate the client's hips

4. Cover the cord with a dry, sterile gauze

151. The nurse is caring for a 30-year-old male admitted with a stab wound. While in the emergency room, a chest tube is inserted. Which of the following explains the primary rationale for insertion of chest tubes?

1. The tube will allow for equalization of the lung expansion.

2. Chest tubes serve as a method of draining blood and serous fluid and assist in reinflating the lungs.

3. Chest tubes relieve pain associated with a collapsed lung.

4. Chest tubes assist with cardiac function by stabilizing lung expansion.

152. A client who delivered this morning tells the nurse that she plans to breastfeed her baby. The nurse is aware that successful breastfeeding is most dependent on the:

1. Mother's educational level

2. Infant's birth weight

3. Size of the mother's breast

4. Mother's desire to breastfeed

153. The nurse is monitoring the progress of a client in labor. Which finding should be reported to the physician immediately?

1. The presence of scant bloody discharge

2. Frequent urination

3. The presence of green-tinged amniotic fluid

4. Moderate uterine contractions

154. The nurse is measuring the duration of the client's contractions. Which statement is true regarding the measurement of the duration of contractions?

1. Duration is measured by timing from the beginning of one contraction to the beginning of the next contraction.

2. Duration is measured by timing from the end of one contraction to the beginning of the next contraction.

3. Duration is measured by timing from the beginning of one contraction to the end of the same contraction.

4. Duration is measured by timing from the peak of one contraction to the end of the same contraction.

155. The physician has ordered an intravenous infusion of Pitocin for the induction of labor. When caring for the obstetric client receiving intravenous Pitocin, the nurse should monitor for:

1. Maternal hypoglycemia

2. Fetal bradycardia

3. Maternal hyperreflexia

4. Fetal movement

156. A client with diabetes visits the prenatal clinic at 28 weeks gestation. Which statement is true regarding insulin needs during pregnancy?

1. Insulin requirements moderate as the pregnancy progresses.

2. A decreased need for insulin occurs during the second trimester.

3. Elevations in human chorionic gonadotrophin decrease the need for insulin.

4. Fetal development depends on adequate insulin regulation.

157. A client in the prenatal clinic is assessed to have a blood pressure of 180/96. The nurse should give priority to:

1. Providing a calm environment

2. Obtaining a diet history

3. Administering an analgesic

4. Assessing fetal heart tones

158. A primigravida, age 42, is 6 weeks pregnant. Based on the client's age, her infant is at risk for:

1. Down syndrome

2. Respiratory distress syndrome

3. Turner's syndrome

4. Pathological jaundice

159. A client with a missed abortion at 29 weeks gestation is admitted to the hospital. The client will most likely be treated with:

1. Magnesium sulfate

2. Calcium gluconate

3. Dinoprostone (Prostin E.)

4. Bromocrystine (Pardel)

160. A client with preeclampsia has been receiving an infusion containing magnesium sulfate for a blood pressure that is 160/80; deep tendon reflexes are 1 plus, and the urinary output for the past hour is 100mL. The nurse should:

1. Continue the infusion of magnesium sulfate while monitoring the client's blood pressure

2. Stop the infusion of magnesium sulfate and contact the physician

3. Slow the infusion rate and turn the client on her left side

4. Administer calcium gluconate IV push and continue to monitor the blood pressure

161. Which statement made by the nurse describes the inheritance pattern of autosomal recessive disorders?

1. An affected newborn has unaffected parents.

2. An affected newborn has one affected parent.

3. Affected parents have a one in four chance of passing on the defective gene.

4. Affected parents have unaffected children who are carriers.

162. A pregnant client, age 32, asks the nurse why her doctor has recommended a serum alpha fetoprotein. The nurse should explain that the doctor has recommended the test:

1. Because it is a state law

2. To detect cardiovascular defects

3. Because of her age

4. To detect neurological defects

163. A client with hypothyroidism asks the nurse if she will still need to take thyroid medication during the pregnancy. The nurse's response is based on the knowledge that:

1. There is no need to take thyroid medication because the fetus's thyroid produces a thyroid-stimulating hormone.

2. Regulation of thyroid medication is more difficult because the thyroid gland increases in size during pregnancy.

3. It is more difficult to maintain thyroid regulation during pregnancy due to a slowing of metabolism.

4. Fetal growth is arrested if thyroid medication is continued during pregnancy.

164. The nurse is responsible for performing a neonatal assessment on a full-term infant. At 1 minute, the nurse could expect to find:

1. An apical pulse of 100

2. An absence of tonus

3. Cyanosis of the feet and hands

4. Jaundice of the skin and sclera

165. A client with sickle cell anemia is admitted to the labor and delivery unit during the first phase of labor. The nurse should anticipate the client's need for:

1. Supplemental oxygen

2. Fluid restriction

3. Blood transfusion

4. Delivery by Caesarean section

166. A client with diabetes has an order for ultrasonography. Preparation for an ultrasound includes:

1. Increasing fluid intake

2. Limiting ambulation

3. Administering an enema

4. Withholding food for 8 hours

167. An infant who weighs 8 pounds at birth would be expected to weigh how many pounds at 1 year?

1. 14 pounds

2. 16 pounds

3. 18 pounds

4. 24 pounds

168. A pregnant client with a history of alcohol addiction is scheduled for a nonstress test. The nonstress test:

1. Determines the lung maturity of the fetus

2. Measures the activity of the fetus

3. Shows the effect of contractions on the fetal heart rate

4. Measures the neurological well-being of the fetus

169. A full-term male has hypospadias. Which statement describes hypospadias?

1. The urethral opening is absent.

2. The urethra opens on the dorsal side of the penis.

3. The penis is shorter than usual.

4. The urethra opens on the ventral side of the penis.

170. A gravida III para II is admitted to the labor unit. Vaginal exam reveals that the client's cervix is 8cm dilated, with complete effacement. The priority nursing diagnosis at this time is:

1. Alteration in coping related to pain

2. Potential for injury related to precipitate delivery

3. Alteration in elimination related to anesthesia

4. Potential for fluid volume deficit related to NPO status

171. The client with varicella will most likely have an order for which category of medication?

1. Antibiotics

2. Antipyretics

3. Antivirals

4. Anticoagulants

172. A client is admitted complaining of chest pain. Which of the following drug orders should the nurse question?

1. Nitroglycerin

2. Ampicillin

3. Propranolol

4. Verapamil

173. Which of the following instructions should be included in the teaching for the client with rheumatoid arthritis?

1. Avoid exercise because it fatigues the joints.

2. Take prescribed anti-inflammatory medications with meals.

3. Alternate hot and cold packs to affected joints.

4. Avoid weight-bearing activity.

174. A client with acute pancreatitis is experiencing severe abdominal pain. Which of the following orders should be questioned by the nurse?

1. Meperidine 100mg IM q 4 hours PRN pain

2. Mylanta 30 ccs q 4 hours via NG

3. Cimetadine 300mg PO q.i.d.

4. Morphine 8mg IM q 4 hours PRN pain

175. The client is admitted to the chemical dependence unit with an order for continuous observation. The nurse is aware that the doctor has ordered continuous observation because:

1. Hallucinogenic drugs create both stimulant and depressant effects.

2. Hallucinogenic drugs induce a state of altered perception.

3. Hallucinogenic drugs produce severe respiratory depression.

4. Hallucinogenic drugs induce rapid physical dependence.

176. A client with a history of abusing barbiturates abruptly stops taking the medication. The nurse should give priority to assessing the client for:

1. Depression and suicidal ideation

2. Tachycardia and diarrhea

3. Muscle cramping and abdominal pain

4. Tachycardia and euphoric mood

177. During the assessment of a laboring client, the nurse notes that the FHT are loudest in the upper-right quadrant. The infant is most likely in which position?

1. Right breech presentation

2. Right occipital anterior presentation

3. Left sacral anterior presentation

4. Left occipital transverse presentation

178. The primary physiological alteration in the development of asthma is:

1. Bronchiolar inflammation and dyspnea

2. Hypersecretion of abnormally viscous mucus

3. Infectious processes causing mucosal edema

4. Spasm of bronchiolar smooth muscle

179. A client with mania is unable to finish her dinner. To help her maintain sufficient nourishment, the nurse should:

1. Serve high-calorie foods she can carry with her

2. Encourage her appetite by sending out for her favorite foods

3. Serve her small, attractively arranged portions

4. Allow her in the unit kitchen for extra food whenever she pleases

180. To maintain Bryant's traction, the nurse must make certain that the child's:

1. Hips are resting on the bed, with the legs suspended at a right angle to the bed

2. Hips are slightly elevated above the bed and the legs are suspended at a right angle to the bed

3. Hips are elevated above the level of the body on a pillow and the legs are suspended parallel to the bed

4. Hips and legs are flat on the bed, with the traction positioned at the foot of the bed

181. Which action by the nurse indicates understanding of herpes zoster?

1. The nurse covers the lesions with a sterile dressing.

2. The nurse wears gloves when providing care.

3. The nurse administers a prescribed antibiotic.

4. The nurse administers oxygen.

182. The client has an order for a trough to be drawn on the client receiving Vancomycin. The nurse is aware that the nurse should contact the lab for them to collect the blood:

1. 15 minutes after the infusion

2. 30 minutes before the infusion

3. 1 hour after the infusion

4. 2 hours after the infusion

183. The client using a diaphragm should be instructed to:

1. Refrain from keeping the diaphragm in longer than 4 hours

2. Keep the diaphragm in a cool location

3. Have the diaphragm resized if she gains 5 pounds

4. Have the diaphragm resized if she has any surgery

184. The nurse is providing postpartum teaching for a mother planning to breastfeed her infant. Which of the client's statements indicates the need for additional teaching?

1. "I'm wearing a support bra."

2. "I'm expressing milk from my breast."

3. "I'm drinking four glasses of fluid during a 24-hour period."

4. "While I'm in the shower, I'll allow the water to run over my breasts."

185. Damage to the VII cranial nerve results in:

1. Facial pain

2. Absence of ability to smell

3. Absence of eye movement

4. Tinnitus

186. A client is receiving Pyridium (phenazopyridine hydrochloride) for a urinary tract infection. The client should be taught that the medication may:

1. Cause diarrhea

2. Change the color of her urine

3. Cause mental confusion

4. Cause changes in taste

187. Which of the following tests should be performed before beginning a prescription of Accutane?

1. Check the calcium level

2. Perform a pregnancy test

3. Monitor apical pulse

4. Obtain a creatinine level

188. A client with AIDS is taking Zovirax (acyclovir). Which nursing intervention is most critical during the administration of acyclovir?

1. Limit the client's activity

2. Encourage a high-carbohydrate diet

3. Utilize an incentive spirometer to improve respiratory function

4. Encourage fluids

189. A client is admitted for an MRI. The nurse should question the client regarding:

1. Pregnancy

2. A titanium hip replacement

3. Allergies to antibiotics

4. Inability to move his feet

190. The nurse is caring for the client receiving Amphotericin B. Which of the following indicates that the client has experienced toxicity to this drug?

1. Changes in vision

2. Nausea

3. Urinary frequency

4. Changes in skin color

191. The nurse should visit which of the following clients first?

1. The client with diabetes with a blood glucose of 95mg/dL

2. The client with hypertension being maintained on Lisinopril

3. The client with chest pain and a history of angina

4. The client with Raynaud's disease

192. A client with cystic fibrosis is taking pancreatic enzymes. The nurse should administer this medication:

1. Once per day in the morning

2. Three times per day with meals

3. Once per day at bedtime

4. Four times per day

193. Cataracts result in opacity of the crystalline lens. Which of the following best explains the functions of the lens?

1. The lens controls stimulation of the retina.

2. The lens orchestrates eye movement.

3. The lens focuses light rays on the retina.

4. The lens magnifies small objects.

194. A client who has glaucoma is to have miotic eyedrops instilled in both eyes. The nurse knows that the purpose of the medication is to:

1. Anesthetize the cornea

2. Dilate the pupils

3. Constrict the pupils

4. Paralyze the muscles of accommodation

195. A client with a severe corneal ulcer has an order for Gentamycin gtt. q 4 hours and Neomycin 1 gtt q 4 hours. Which of the following schedules should be used when administering the drops?

1. Allow 5 minutes between the two medications.

2. The medications may be used together.

3. The medications should be separated by a cycloplegic drug.

4. The medications should not be used in the same client.

196. The client with color blindness will most likely have problems distinguishing which of the following colors?

1. Orange

2. Violet

3. Red

4. White

197. The client with a pacemaker should be taught to:

1. Report ankle edema

2. Check his blood pressure daily

3. Refrain from using a microwave oven

4. Monitor his pulse rate

198. The client with enuresis is being taught regarding bladder retraining. The nurse should advise the client to refrain from drinking after:

1. 1900

2. 1200

3. 1000

4. 0700

199. Which of the following diet instructions should be given to the client with recurring urinary tract infections?

1. Increase intake of meats.

2. Avoid citrus fruits.

3. Perform pericare with hydrogen peroxide.

4. Drink a glass of cranberry juice every day.

200. The physician has prescribed NPH insulin for a client with diabetes mellitus. Which statement indicates that the client knows when the peak action of the insulin occurs?

1. "I will make sure I eat breakfast within 2 hours of taking my insulin."

2. "I will need to carry candy or some form of sugar with me all the time."

3. "I will eat a snack around three o'clock each afternoon."

4. "I can save my dessert from supper for a bedtime snack."

201. A client with pneumacystis carini pneumonia is receiving trimetrexate. The rationale for administering leucovorin calcium to a client receiving Methotrexate is to:

1. Treat anemia.

2. Create a synergistic effect.

3. Increase the number of white blood cells.

4. Reverse drug toxicity.

202. A client tells the nurse that she is allergic to eggs, dogs, rabbits, and chicken feathers. Which order should the nurse question?

1. TB skin test

2. Rubella vaccine

3. ELISA test

4. Chest x-ray

203. The physician has prescribed rantidine (Zantac) for a client with erosive gastritis. The nurse should administer the medication:

1. 30 minutes before meals

2. With each meal

3. In a single dose at bedtime

4. 60 minutes after meals

204. A temporary colostomy is performed on the client with colon cancer. The nurse is aware that the proximal end of a double barrel colostomy:

1. Is the opening on the client's left side

2. Is the opening on the distal end on the client's left side

3. Is the opening on the client's right side

4. Is the opening on the distal right side

205. While assessing the postpartal client, the nurse notes that the fundus is displaced to the right. Based on this finding, the nurse should:

1. Ask the client to void

2. Assess the blood pressure for hypotension

3. Administer oxytocin

4. Check for vaginal bleeding

206. The physician has ordered an MRI for a client with an orthopedic ailment. An MRI should not be done if the client has:

1. The need for oxygen therapy

2. A history of claustrophobia

3. A permanent pacemaker

4. Sensory deafness

207. A 6-month-old client is placed on strict bed rest following a hernia repair. Which toy is best suited to the client?

1. Colorful crib mobile

2. Hand-held electronic games

3. Cars in a plastic container

4. 30-piece jigsaw puzzle

208. The nurse is preparing to discharge a client with a long history of polio. The nurse should tell the client that:

1. Taking a hot bath will decrease stiffness and spasticity.

2. A schedule of strenuous exercise will improve muscle strength.

3. Rest periods should be scheduled throughout the day.

4. Visual disturbances can be corrected with prescription glasses.

209. A client on the postpartum unit has a proctoepisiotomy. The nurse should anticipate administering which medication?

1. Dulcolax suppository

2. Docusate sodium (Colace)

3. Methyergonovine maleate (Methergine)

4. Bromocriptine sulfate (Parlodel)

210. A client with pancreatic cancer has an infusion of TPN (Total Parenteral Nutrition). The doctor has ordered for sliding-scale insulin. The most likely explanation for this order is:

1. Total Parenteral Nutrition leads to negative nitrogen balance and elevated glucose levels.

2. Total Parenteral Nutrition cannot be managed with oral hypoglycemics.

3. Total Parenteral Nutrition is a high-glucose solution that often elevates the blood glucose levels.

4. Total Parenteral Nutrition leads to further pancreatic disease.

211. An adolescent primigravida who is 10 weeks pregnant attends the antepartal clinic for a first check-up. To develop a teaching plan, the nurse should initially assess:

1. The client's knowledge of the signs of preterm labor

2. The client's feelings about the pregnancy

3. Whether the client was using a method of birth control

4. The client's thought about future children

212. An obstetric client is admitted with dehydration. Which IV fluid would be most appropriate for the client?

1. .45 normal saline

2. Dextrose 1% in water

3. Lactated Ringer's

4. Dextrose 5% in .45 normal saline

213. The physician has ordered a thyroid scan to confirm the diagnosis. Before the procedure, the nurse should:

1. Assess the client for allergies

2. Bolus the client with IV fluid

3. Tell the client he will be asleep

4. Insert a urinary catheter

214. The physician has ordered an injection of RhoGam for a client with blood type A negative. The nurse understands that RhoGam is given to:

1. Provide immunity against Rh isoenzymes

2. Prevent the formation of Rh antibodies

3. Eliminate circulating Rh antibodies

4. Convert the Rh factor from negative to positive

215. The nurse is caring for a client admitted to the emergency room after a fall. X-rays reveal that the client has several fractured bones in the foot. Which treatment should the nurse anticipate for the fractured foot?

1. Application of a short inclusive spica cast

2. Stabilization with a plaster-of-Paris cast

3. Surgery with Kirschner wire implantation

4. A gauze dressing only

216. A client with bladder cancer is being treated with iridium seed implants. The nurse's discharge teaching should include telling the client to:

1. Strain his urine

2. Increase his fluid intake

3. Report urinary frequency

4. Avoid prolonged sitting

217. Following a heart transplant, a client is started on medication to prevent organ rejection. Which category of medication prevents the formation of antibodies against the new organ?

1. Antivirals

2. Antibiotics

3. Immunosuppressants

4. Analgesics

218. The nurse is preparing a client for cataract surgery. The nurse is aware that the procedure will use:

1. Mydriatics to facilitate removal

2. Miotic medications such as Timoptic

3. A laser to smooth and reshape the lens

4. Silicone oil injections into the eyeball

219. A client with Alzheimer's disease is awaiting placement in a skilled nursing facility. Which long-term plans would be most therapeutic for the client?

1. Placing mirrors in several locations in the home

2. Placing a picture of herself in her bedroom

3. Placing simple signs to indicate the location of the bedroom, bathroom, and so on

4. Alternating healthcare workers to prevent boredom

220. A client with an abdominal cholecystectomy returns from surgery with a Jackson-Pratt drain. The chief purpose of the Jackson-Pratt drain is to:

1. Prevent the need for dressing changes

2. Reduce edema at the incision

3. Provide for wound drainage

4. Keep the common bile duct open

221. The nurse is performing an initial assessment of a newborn Caucasian male delivered at 32 weeks gestation. The nurse can expect to find the presence of:

1. Mongolian spots

2. Scrotal rugae

3. Head lag

4. Vernix caseosa

222. The nurse is caring for a client admitted with multiple trauma. Fractures include the pelvis, femur, and ulna. Which finding should be reported to the physician immediately?

1. Hematuria

2. Muscle spasms

3. Dizziness

4. Nausea

223. A client is brought to the emergency room by the police. He is combative and yells, "I have to get out of here. They are trying to kill me." Which assessment is most likely correct in relation to this statement?

1. The client is experiencing an auditory hallucination.

2. The client is having a delusion of grandeur.

3. The client is experiencing paranoid delusions.

4. The client is intoxicated.

224. The nurse is preparing to suction the client with a tracheotomy. The nurse notes a previously used bottle of normal saline on the client's bedside table. There is no label to indicate the date or time of initial use. The nurse should:

1. Lip the bottle and use a pack of sterile 4x4 for the dressing

2. Obtain a new bottle and label it with the date and time of first use

3. Ask the ward secretary when the solution was requested

4. Label the existing bottle with the current date and time

225. An infant's Apgar score is 9 at 5 minutes. The nurse is aware that the most likely cause for the deduction of one point is:

1. The baby is cold.

2. The baby is experiencing bradycardia.

3. The baby's hands and feet are blue.

4. The baby is lethargic.

226. The primary reason for rapid continuous rewarming of the area affected by frostbite is to:

1. Lessen the amount of cellular damage

2. Prevent the formation of blisters

3. Promote movement

4. Prevent pain and discomfort

227. A client recently started on hemodialysis wants to know how the dialysis will take the place of his kidneys. The nurse's response is based on the knowledge that hemodialysis works by:

1. Passing water through a dialyzing membrane

2. Eliminating plasma proteins from the blood

3. Lowering the pH by removing nonvolatile acids

4. Filtering waste through a dialyzing membrane

228. During a home visit, a client with AIDS tells the nurse that he has been exposed to measles. Which action by the nurse is most appropriate?

1. Administer an antibiotic

2. Contact the physician for an order for immune globulin

3. Administer an antiviral

4. Tell the client that he should remain in isolation for 2 weeks

229. A client hospitalized with MRSA (methicillin-resistant staph aureus) is placed on contact precautions. Which statement is true regarding precautions for infections spread by contact?

1. The client should be placed in a room with negative pressure.

2. Infection requires close contact; therefore, the door may remain open.

3. Transmission is highly likely, so the client should wear a mask at all times.

4. Infection requires skin-to-skin contact and is prevented by hand washing, gloves, and a gown.

230. A client who is admitted with an above-the-knee amputation tells the nurse that his foot hurts and itches. Which response by the nurse indicates understanding of phantom limb pain?

1. "The pain will go away in a few days."

2. "The pain is due to peripheral nervous system interruptions. I will get you some pain medication."

3. "The pain is psychological because your foot is no longer there."

4. "The pain and itching are due to the infection you had before the surgery."

231. A client with cancer of the pancreas has undergone a Whipple procedure. The nurse is aware that during the Whipple procedure, the doctor will remove the:

1. Head of the pancreas

2. Proximal third section of the small intestines

3. Stomach and duodenum

4. Esophagus and jejunum

232. The physician has ordered a minimal-bacteria diet for a client with neutropenia. The client should be taught to avoid eating:

1. Fruits

2. Salt

3. Pepper

4. Ketchup

233. A client is discharged home with a prescription for Coumadin (sodium warfarin). The client should be instructed to:

1. Have a Protime done monthly

2. Eat more fruits and vegetables

3. Drink more liquids

4. Avoid crowds

234. The nurse is assisting the physician with removal of a central venous catheter. To facilitate removal, the nurse should instruct the client to:

1. Perform the Valsalva maneuver as the catheter is advanced

2. Turn his head to the left side and hyperextend the neck

3. Take slow, deep breaths as the catheter is removed

4. Turn his head to the right while maintaining a sniffing position

235. A client has an order for streptokinase. Before administering the medication, the nurse should assess the client for:

1. Allergies to pineapples and bananas

2. A history of streptococcal infections

3. Prior therapy with phenytoin

4. A history of alcohol abuse

236. The nurse is providing discharge teaching for the client with leukemia. The client should be told to avoid:

1. Using oil- or cream-based soaps

2. Flossing between the teeth

3. The intake of salt

4. Using an electric razor

237. The nurse is changing the ties of the client with a tracheotomy. The safest method of changing the tracheotomy ties is to:

1. Apply the new tie before removing the old one.

2. Have a helper present.

3. Hold the tracheotomy with the nondominant hand while removing the old tie.

4. Ask the doctor to suture the tracheostomy in place.

238. The nurse is monitoring a client following a lung resection. The hourly output from the chest tube was 300mL. The nurse should give priority to:

1. Turning the client to the left side

2. Milking the tube to ensure patency

3. Slowing the intravenous infusion

4. Notifying the physician

239. The infant is admitted to the unit with tetrology of falot. The nurse would anticipate an order for which medication?

1. Digoxin

2. Epinephrine

3. Aminophyline

4. Atropine

240. The nurse is educating the lady's club in self-breast exam. The nurse is aware that most malignant breast masses occur in the Tail of Spence. On the diagram, place an X on the Tail of Spence.



241. The toddler is admitted with a cardiac anomaly. The nurse is aware that the infant with a ventricular septal defect will:

1. Tire easily

2. Grow normally

3. Need more calories

4. Be more susceptible to viral infections

242. The nurse is monitoring a client with a history of stillborn infants. The nurse is aware that a nonstress test can be ordered for this client to:

1. Determine lung maturity

2. Measure the fetal activity

3. Show the effect of contractions on fetal heart rate

4. Measure the well-being of the fetus

243. The nurse is evaluating the client who was admitted 8 hours ago for induction of labor. The following graph is noted on the monitor. Which action should be taken first by the nurse?



1. Instruct the client to push

2. Perform a vaginal exam

3. Turn off the Pitocin infusion

4. Place the client in a semi-Fowler's position

244. The nurse notes the following on the ECG monitor. The nurse would evaluate the cardiac arrhythmia as:



1. Atrial flutter

2. A sinus rhythm

3. Ventricular tachycardia

4. Atrial fibrillation

245. A client with clotting disorder has an order to continue Lovenox (enoxaparin) injections after discharge. The nurse should teach the client that Lovenox injections should:

1. Be injected into the deltoid muscle

2. Be injected into the abdomen

3. Aspirate after the injection

4. Clear the air from the syringe before injections

246. The nurse has a preop order to administer Valium (diazepam) 10mg and Phenergan (promethazine) 25mg. The correct method of administering these medications is to:

1. Administer the medications together in one syringe

2. Administer the medication separately

3. Administer the Valium, wait 5 minutes, and then inject the Phenergan

4. Question the order because they cannot be given at the same time

247. A client with frequent urinary tract infections asks the nurse how she can prevent the reoccurrence. The nurse should teach the client to:

1. Douche after intercourse

2. Void every 3 hours

3. Obtain a urinalysis monthly

4. Wipe from back to front after voiding

248. Which task should be assigned to the nursing assistant?

1. Placing the client in seclusion

2. Emptying the Foley catheter of the preeclamptic client

3. Feeding the client with dementia

4. Ambulating the client with a fractured hip

249. The client has recently returned from having a thyroidectomy. The nurse should keep which of the following at the bedside?

1. A tracheotomy set

2. A padded tongue blade

3. An endotracheal tube

4. An airway

250. The physician has ordered a histoplasmosis test for the elderly client. The nurse is aware that histoplasmosis is transmitted to humans by:

1. Cats

2. Dogs

3. Turtles

4. Birds

Quick Check Answer Key

1. D

2. D

3. B

4. C

5. C

6. C

7. D

8. D

9. C

10. B

11. A

12. C

13. D

14. B

15. B

16. A

17. A

18. A

19. C

20. B

21. C

22. A

23. A

24. B

25. D

26. A

27. B

28. C

29. C

30. C

31. B

32. A

33. B

34. B

35. D

36. B

37. A

38. B

39. D

40. A

41. B

42. A

43. A

44. C

45. B

46. A

47. B

48. C

49. C

50. D

51. B

52. B

53. B

54. C

55. D

56. A

57. B

58. C

59. C

60. B

61. D

62. A

63. C

64. B

65. A

66. D

67. B

68. C

69. A

70. C

71. C

72. D

73. B

74. D

75. D

76. B

77. D

78. D

79. A

80. B

81. A

82. A

83. D

84. D

85. B

86. B

87. B

88. B

89. D

90. B

91. A

92. C

93. C

94. B

95. C

96. A

97. B

98. C

99. D

100. C

101. B

102. D

103. B

104. D

105. B

106. B

107. D

108. D

109. C

110. D

111. C

112. B

113. C

114. C

115. D

116. C

117. B

118. B

119. C

120. B

121. B

122. A

123. D

124. A

125. A

126. B

127. A

128. B

129. C

130. B

131. B

132. B

133. B

134. A

135. A

136. A

137. C

138. B

139. A

140. B

141. B

142. B

143. D

144. A

145. A

146. A

147. C

148. B

149. A

150. C

151. B

152. D

153. C

154. C

155. B

156. D

157. A

158. A

159. C

160. A

161. C

162. D

163. B

164. C

165. A

166. A

167. D

168. B

169. B

170. A

171. C

172. B

173. B

174. D

175. B

176. B

177. A

178. D

179. A

180. B

181. B

182. B

183. B

184. C

185. A

186. B

187. B

188. D

189. A

190. D

191. C

192. B

193. C

194. C

195. A

196. B

197. D

198. A

199. D

200. C

201. D

202. B

203. B

204. C

205. A

206. C

207. C

208. C

209. B

210. C

211. B

212. A

213. A

214. B

215. B

216. A

217. C

218. A

219. C

220. C

221. C

222. A

223. C

224. B

225. C

226. A

227. D

228. B

229. D

230. B

231. A

232. C

233. A

234. A

235. B

236. B

237. A

238. D

239. A

240. See diagram.



241. A

242. B

243. C

244. C

245. B

246. B

247. B

248. C

249. A

250. D

1. A 43-year-old African American male is admitted with sickle cell anemia. The nurse plans to assess circulation in the lower extremities every 2 hours. Which of the following outcome criteria would the nurse use?

1. Body temperature of 99°F or less

2. Toes moved in active range of motion

3. Sensation reported when soles of feet are touched

4. Capillary refill of < 3 seconds

2. A 30-year-old male from Haiti is brought to the emergency department in sickle cell crisis. What is the best position for this client?

1. Side-lying with knees flexed

2. Knee-chest

3. High Fowler's with knees flexed

4. Semi-Fowler's with legs extended on the bed

3. A 25-year-old male is admitted in sickle cell crisis. Which of the following interventions would be of highest priority for this client?

1. Taking hourly blood pressures with mechanical cuff

2. Encouraging fluid intake of at least 200mL per hour

3. Position in high Fowler's with knee gatch raised

4. Administering Tylenol as ordered

4. Which of the following foods would the nurse encourage the client in sickle cell crisis to eat?

1. Peaches

2. Cottage cheese

3. Popsicle

4. Lima beans

5. A newly admitted client has sickle cell crisis. The nurse is planning care based on assessment of the client. The client is complaining of severe pain in his feet and hands. The pulse oximetry is 92. Which of the following interventions would be implemented first? Assume that there are orders for each intervention.

1. Adjust the room temperature

2. Give a bolus of IV fluids

3. Start O₂

4. Administer meperidine (Demerol) 75mg IV push

6. The nurse is instructing a client with iron-deficiency anemia. Which of the following meal plans would the nurse expect the client to select?

1. Roast beef, gelatin salad, green beans, and peach pie

2. Chicken salad sandwich, coleslaw, French fries, ice cream

3. Egg salad on wheat bread, carrot sticks, lettuce salad, raisin pie

4. Pork chop, creamed potatoes, corn, and coconut cake

7. Clients with sickle cell anemia are taught to avoid activities that cause hypoxia and hypoxemia. Which of the following activities would the nurse recommend?

1. A family vacation in the Rocky Mountains

2. Chaperoning the local boys club on a snow-skiing trip

3. Traveling by airplane for business trips

4. A bus trip to the Museum of Natural History

8. The nurse is conducting an admission assessment of a client with vitamin B12 deficiency. Which of the following would the nurse include in the physical assessment?

1. Palpate the spleen

2. Take the blood pressure

3. Examine the feet for petechiae

4. Examine the tongue

9. An African American female comes to the outpatient clinic. The physician suspects vitamin B12 deficiency anemia. Because jaundice is often a clinical manifestation of this type of anemia, what body part would be the best indicator?

1. Conjunctiva of the eye

2. Soles of the feet

3. Roof of the mouth

4. Shins

10. The nurse is conducting a physical assessment on a client with anemia. Which of the following clinical manifestations would be most indicative of the anemia?

1. BP 146/88

2. Respirations 28 shallow

3. Weight gain of 10 pounds in 6 months

4. Pink complexion

11. The nurse is teaching the client with polycythemia vera about prevention of complications of the disease. Which of the following statements by the client indicates a need for further teaching?

1. "I will drink 500mL of fluid or less each day."

2. "I will wear support hose when I am up."

3. "I will use an electric razor for shaving."

4. "I will eat foods low in iron."

12. A 33-year-old male is being evaluated for possible acute leukemia. Which of the following would the nurse inquire about as a part of the assessment?

1. The client collects stamps as a hobby.

2. The client recently lost his job as a postal worker.

3. The client had radiation for treatment of Hodgkin's disease as a teenager.

4. The client's brother had leukemia as a child.

13. An African American client is admitted with acute leukemia. The nurse is assessing for signs and symptoms of bleeding. Where is the best site for examining for the presence of petechiae?

1. The abdomen

2. The thorax

3. The earlobes

4. The soles of the feet

14. A client with acute leukemia is admitted to the oncology unit. Which of the following would be most important for the nurse to inquire?

1. "Have you noticed a change in sleeping habits recently?"

2. "Have you had a respiratory infection in the last 6 months?"

3. "Have you lost weight recently?"

4. "Have you noticed changes in your alertness?"

15. Which of the following would be the priority nursing diagnosis for the adult client with acute leukemia?

1. Oral mucous membrane, altered related to chemotherapy

2. Risk for injury related to thrombocytopenia

3. Fatigue related to the disease process

4. Interrupted family processes related to life-threatening illness of a family member

16. A 21-year-old male with Hodgkin's lymphoma is a senior at the local university. He is engaged to be married and is to begin a new job upon graduation. Which of the following diagnoses would be a priority for this client?

1. Sexual dysfunction related to radiation therapy

2. Anticipatory grieving related to terminal illness

3. Tissue integrity related to prolonged bed rest

4. Fatigue related to chemotherapy

17. A client has autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura. To determine the client's response to treatment, the nurse would monitor:

1. Platelet count

2. White blood cell count

3. Potassium levels

4. Partial prothrombin time (PTT)

18. The home health nurse is visiting a client with autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura (ATP). The client's platelet count currently is 80, It will be most important to teach the client and family about:

1. Bleeding precautions

2. Prevention of falls

3. Oxygen therapy

4. Conservation of energy

19. A client with a pituitary tumor has had a transphenoidal hyposphectomy. Which of the following interventions would be appropriate for this client?

1. Place the client in Trendelenburg position for postural drainage

2. Encourage coughing and deep breathing every 2 hours

3. Elevate the head of the bed 30°

4. Encourage the Valsalva maneuver for bowel movements

20. The client with a history of diabetes insipidus is admitted with polyuria, polydipsia, and mental confusion. The priority intervention for this client is:

1. Measure the urinary output

2. Check the vital signs

3. Encourage increased fluid intake

4. Weigh the client

21. A client with hemophilia has a nosebleed. Which nursing action is most appropriate to control the bleeding?

1. Place the client in a sitting position with the head hyperextended

2. Pack the nares tightly with gauze to apply pressure to the source of bleeding

3. Pinch the soft lower part of the nose for a minimum of 5 minutes

4. Apply ice packs to the forehead and back of the neck

22. A client has had a unilateral adrenalectomy to remove a tumor. To prevent complications, the most important measurement in the immediate post-operative period for the nurse to take is:

1. Blood pressure

2. Temperature

3. Output

4. Specific gravity

23. A client with Addison's disease has been admitted with a history of nausea and vomiting for the past 3 days. The client is receiving IV glucocorticoids (Solu-Medrol). Which of the following interventions would the nurse implement?

1. Glucometer readings as ordered

2. Intake/output measurements

3. Sodium and potassium levels monitored

4. Daily weights

24. A client had a total thyroidectomy yesterday. The client is complaining of tingling around the mouth and in the fingers and toes. What would the nurses' next action be?

1. Obtain a crash cart

2. Check the calcium level

3. Assess the dressing for drainage

4. Assess the blood pressure for hypertension

25. A 32-year-old mother of three is brought to the clinic. Her pulse is 52, there is a weight gain of 30 pounds in 4 months, and the client is wearing two sweaters. The client is diagnosed with hypothyroidism. Which of the following nursing diagnoses is of highest priority?

1. Impaired physical mobility related to decreased endurance

2. Hypothermia r/t decreased metabolic rate

3. Disturbed thought processes r/t interstitial edema

4. Decreased cardiac output r/t bradycardia

26. The client presents to the clinic with a serum cholesterol of 275mg/dL and is placed on rosuvastatin (Crestor). Which instruction should be given to the client?

1. Report muscle weakness to the physician.

2. Allow six months for the drug to take effect.

3. Take the medication with fruit juice.

4. Ask the doctor to perform a complete blood count before starting the medication.

27. The client is admitted to the hospital with hypertensive crises. Diazoxide (Hyperstat) is ordered. During administration, the nurse should:

1. Utilize an infusion pump

2. Check the blood glucose level

3. Place the client in Trendelenburg position

4. Cover the solution with foil

28. The 6-month-old client with a ventral septal defect is receiving Digitalis for regulation of his heart rate. Which finding should be reported to the doctor?

1. Blood pressure of 126/80

2. Blood glucose of 110mg/dL

3. Heart rate of 60bpm

4. Respiratory rate of 30 per minute

29. The client admitted with angina is given a prescription for nitroglycerine. The client should be instructed to:

1. Replenish his supply every 3 months

2. Take one every 15 minutes if pain occurs

3. Leave the medication in the brown bottle

4. Crush the medication and take with water

30. The client is instructed regarding foods that are low in fat and cholesterol. Which diet selection is lowest in saturated fats?

1. Macaroni and cheese

2. Shrimp with rice

3. Turkey breast

4. Spaghetti

31. The client is admitted with left-sided congestive heart failure. In assessing the client for edema, the nurse should check the:

1. Feet

2. Neck

3. Hands

4. Sacrum

32. The nurse is checking the client's central venous pressure. The nurse should place the zero of the manometer at the:

1. Phlebostatic axis

2. PMI

3. Erb's point

4. Tail of Spence

33. The physician orders lisinopril (Zestril) and furosemide (Lasix) to be administered concomitantly to the client with hypertension. The nurse should:

1. Question the order

2. Administer the medications

3. Administer separately

4. Contact the pharmacy

34. The best method of evaluating the amount of peripheral edema is:

1. Weighing the client daily

2. Measuring the extremity

3. Measuring the intake and output

4. Checking for pitting

35. A client with vaginal cancer is being treated with a radioactive vaginal implant. The client's husband asks the nurse if he can spend the night with his wife. The nurse should explain that:

1. Overnight stays by family members is against hospital policy.

2. There is no need for him to stay because staffing is adequate.

3. His wife will rest much better knowing that he is at home.

4. Visitation is limited to 30 minutes when the implant is in place.

36. The nurse is caring for a client hospitalized with a facial stroke. Which diet selection would be suited to the client?

1. Roast beef sandwich, potato chips, pickle spear, iced tea

2. Split pea soup, mashed potatoes, pudding, milk

3. Tomato soup, cheese toast, Jello, coffee

4. Hamburger, baked beans, fruit cup, iced tea

37. The physician has prescribed Novalog insulin for a client with diabetes mellitus. Which statement indicates that the client knows when the peak action of the insulin occurs?

1. "I will make sure I eat breakfast within 10 minutes of taking my insulin."

2. "I will need to carry candy or some form of sugar with me all the time."

3. "I will eat a snack around three o'clock each afternoon."

4. "I can save my dessert from supper for a bedtime snack."

38. The nurse is teaching basic infant care to a group of first-time parents. The nurse should explain that a sponge bath is recommended for the first 2 weeks of life because:

1. New parents need time to learn how to hold the baby.

2. The umbilical cord needs time to separate.

3. Newborn skin is easily traumatized by washing.

4. The chance of chilling the baby outweighs the benefits of bathing.

39. A client with leukemia is receiving Trimetrexate. After reviewing the client's chart, the physician orders Wellcovorin (leucovorin calcium). The rationale for administering leucovorin calcium to a client receiving Trimetrexate is to:

1. Treat iron-deficiency anemia caused by chemotherapeutic agents

2. Create a synergistic effect that shortens treatment time

3. Increase the number of circulating neutrophils

4. Reverse drug toxicity and prevent tissue damage

40. A 4-month-old is brought to the well-baby clinic for immunization. In addition to the DPT and polio vaccines, the baby should receive:

1. Hib titer

2. Mumps vaccine

3. Hepatitis B vaccine

4. MMR

41. The physician has prescribed Nexium (esomeprazole) for a client with erosive gastritis. The nurse should administer the medication:

1. 30 minutes before meals

2. With each meal

3. In a single dose at bedtime

4. 30 minutes after meals

42. A client on the psychiatric unit is in an uncontrolled rage and is threatening other clients and staff. What is the most appropriate action for the nurse to take?

1. Call security for assistance and prepare to sedate the client.

2. Tell the client to calm down and ask him if he would like to play cards.

3. Tell the client that if he continues his behavior he will be punished.

4. Leave the client alone until he calms down.

43. When the nurse checks the fundus of a client on the first postpartum day, she notes that the fundus is firm, is at the level of the umbilicus, and is displaced to the right. The next action the nurse should take is to:

1. Check the client for bladder distention

2. Assess the blood pressure for hypotension

3. Determine whether an oxytocic drug was given

4. Check for the expulsion of small clots

44. A client is admitted to the hospital with a temperature of 99.8°F, complaints of blood-tinged hemoptysis, fatigue, and night sweats. The client's symptoms are consistent with a diagnosis of:

1. Pneumonia

2. Reaction to antiviral medication

3. Tuberculosis

4. Superinfection due to low CD4 count

45. The client is seen in the clinic for treatment of migraine headaches. The drug Imitrex (sumatriptan succinate) is prescribed for the client. Which of the following in the client's history should be reported to the doctor?

1. Diabetes

2. Prinzmetal's angina

3. Cancer

4. Cluster headaches

46. The client with suspected meningitis is admitted to the unit. The doctor is performing an assessment to determine meningeal irritation and spinal nerve root inflammation. A positive Kernig's sign is charted if the nurse notes:

1. Pain on flexion of the hip and knee

2. Nuchal rigidity on flexion of the neck

3. Pain when the head is turned to the left side

4. Dizziness when changing positions

47. The client with Alzheimer's disease is being assisted with activities of daily living when the nurse notes that the client uses her toothbrush to brush her hair. The nurse is aware that the client is exhibiting:

1. Agnosia

2. Apraxia

3. Anomia

4. Aphasia

48. The client with dementia is experiencing confusion late in the afternoon and before bedtime. The nurse is aware that the client is experiencing what is known as:

1. Chronic fatigue syndrome

2. Normal aging

3. Sundowning

4. Delusions

49. The client with confusion says to the nurse, "I haven't had anything to eat all day long. When are they going to bring breakfast?" The nurse saw the client in the day room eating breakfast with other clients 30 minutes before this conversation. Which response would be best for the nurse to make?

1. "You know you had breakfast 30 minutes ago."

2. "I am so sorry that they didn't get you breakfast. I'll report it to the charge nurse."

3. "I'll get you some juice and toast. Would you like something else?"

4. "You will have to wait a while; lunch will be here in a little while."

50. The doctor has prescribed Exelon (rivastigmine) for the client with Alzheimer's disease. Which side effect is most often associated with this drug?

1. Urinary incontinence

2. Headaches

3. Confusion

4. Nausea

51. A client is admitted to the labor and delivery unit in active labor. During examination, the nurse notes a papular lesion on the perineum. Which initial action is most appropriate?

1. Document the finding

2. Report the finding to the doctor

3. Prepare the client for a C-section

4. Continue primary care as prescribed

52. A client with a diagnosis of HPV is at risk for which of the following?

1. Hodgkin's lymphoma

2. Cervical cancer

3. Multiple myeloma

4. Ovarian cancer

53. During the initial interview, the client reports that she has a lesion on the perineum. Further investigation reveals a small blister on the vulva that is painful to touch. The nurse is aware that the most likely source of the lesion is:

1. Syphilis

2. Herpes

3. Gonorrhea

4. Condylomata

54. A client visiting a family planning clinic is suspected of having an STI. The best diagnostic test for treponema pallidum is:

1. Venereal Disease Research Lab (VDRL)

2. Rapid plasma reagin (RPR)

3. Florescent treponemal antibody (FTA)

4. Thayer-Martin culture (TMC)

55. A 15-year-old primigravida is admitted with a tentative diagnosis of HELLP syndrome. Which laboratory finding is associated with HELLP syndrome?

1. Elevated blood glucose

2. Elevated platelet count

3. Elevated creatinine clearance

4. Elevated hepatic enzymes

56. The nurse is assessing the deep tendon reflexes of a client with preeclampsia. Which method is used to elicit the biceps reflex?

1. The nurse places her thumb on the muscle inset in the antecubital space and taps the thumb briskly with the reflex hammer.

2. The nurse loosely suspends the client's arm in an open hand while tapping the back of the client's elbow.

3. The nurse instructs the client to dangle her legs as the nurse strikes the area below the patella with the blunt side of the reflex hammer.

4. The nurse instructs the client to place her arms loosely at her side as the nurse strikes the muscle insert just above the wrist.

57. A primigravida with diabetes is admitted to the labor and delivery unit at 34 weeks gestation. Which doctor's order should the nurse question?

1. Magnesium sulfate 4gm (25%) IV

2. Brethine 10mcg IV

3. Stadol 1mg IV push every 4 hours as needed prn for pain

4. Ancef 2gm IVPB every 6 hours

58. A diabetic multigravida is scheduled for an amniocentesis at 32 weeks gestation to determine the L/S ratio and phosphatidyl glycerol level. The L/S ratio is 1:1 and the presence of phosphatidylglycerol is noted. The nurse's assessment of this data is:

1. The infant is at low risk for congenital anomalies.

2. The infant is at high risk for intrauterine growth retardation.

3. The infant is at high risk for respiratory distress syndrome.

4. The infant is at high risk for birth trauma.

59. Which observation in the newborn of a diabetic mother would require immediate nursing intervention?

1. Crying

2. Wakefulness

3. Jitteriness

4. Yawning

60. The nurse caring for a client receiving intravenous magnesium sulfate must closely observe for side effects associated with drug therapy. An expected side effect of magnesium sulfate is:

1. Decreased urinary output

2. Hypersomnolence

3. Absence of knee jerk reflex

4. Decreased respiratory rate

61. The client has elected to have epidural anesthesia to relieve labor pain. If the client experiences hypotension, the nurse would:

1. Place her in Trendelenburg position

2. Decrease the rate of IV infusion

3. Administer oxygen per nasal cannula

4. Increase the rate of the IV infusion

62. A client has cancer of the pancreas. The nurse should be most concerned about which nursing diagnosis?

1. Alteration in nutrition

2. Alteration in bowel elimination

3. Alteration in skin integrity

4. Ineffective individual coping

63. The nurse is caring for a client with ascites. Which is the best method to use for determining early ascites?

1. Inspection of the abdomen for enlargement

2. Bimanual palpation for hepatomegaly

3. Daily measurement of abdominal girth

4. Assessment for a fluid wave

64. The client arrives in the emergency department after a motor vehicle accident. Nursing assessment findings include BP 80/34, pulse rate 120, and respirations 20. Which is the client's most appropriate priority nursing diagnosis?

1. Alteration in cerebral tissue perfusion

2. Fluid volume deficit

3. Ineffective airway clearance

4. Alteration in sensory perception

65. The home health nurse is visiting an 18-year-old with osteogenesis imperfecta. Which information obtained on the visit would cause the most concern? The client:

1. Likes to play football

2. Drinks several carbonated drinks per day

3. Has two sisters with sickle cell tract

4. Is taking acetaminophen to control pain

66. The nurse working the organ transplant unit is caring for a client with a white blood cell count of During evening visitation, a visitor brings a basket of fruit. What action should the nurse take?

1. Allow the client to keep the fruit

2. Place the fruit next to the bed for easy access by the client

3. Offer to wash the fruit for the client

4. Tell the family members to take the fruit home

67. The nurse is caring for the client following a laryngectomy when suddenly the client becomes nonresponsive and pale, with a BP of 90/40 systolic. The initial nurse's action should be to:

1. Place the client in Trendelenburg position

2. Increase the infusion of Dextrose in normal saline

3. Administer atropine intravenously

4. Move the emergency cart to the bedside

68. The client admitted 2 days earlier with a lung resection accidentally pulls out the chest tube. Which action by the nurse indicates understanding of the management of chest tubes?

1. Order a chest x-ray

2. Reinsert the tube

3. Cover the insertion site with a Vaseline gauze

4. Call the doctor

69. A client being treated with sodium warfarin has a Protime of 120 seconds. Which intervention would be most important to include in the nursing care plan?

1. Assess for signs of abnormal bleeding

2. Anticipate an increase in the Coumadin dosage

3. Instruct the client regarding the drug therapy

4. Increase the frequency of neurological assessments

70. Which selection would provide the most calcium for the client who is 4 months pregnant?

1. A granola bar

2. A bran muffin

3. A cup of yogurt

4. A glass of fruit juice

71. The client with preeclampsia is admitted to the unit with an order for magnesium sulfate. Which action by the nurse indicates understanding of the possible side effects of magnesium sulfate?

1. The nurse places a sign over the bed not to check blood pressure in the right arm.

2. The nurse places a padded tongue blade at the bedside.

3. The nurse inserts a Foley catheter.

4. The nurse darkens the room.

72. A 6-year-old client is admitted to the unit with a hemoglobin of 6g/dL. The physician has written an order to transfuse 2 units of whole blood. When discussing the treatment, the child's mother tells the nurse that she does not believe in having blood transfusions and that she will not allow her child to have the treatment. What nursing action is most appropriate?

1. Ask the mother to leave while the blood transfusion is in progress

2. Encourage the mother to reconsider

3. Explain the consequences without treatment

4. Notify the physician of the mother's refusal

73. A client is admitted to the unit 2 hours after an explosion causes burns to the face. The nurse would be most concerned with the client developing which of the following?

1. Hypovolemia

2. Laryngeal edema

3. Hypernatremia

4. Hyperkalemia

74. The nurse is evaluating nutritional outcomes for an elderly client with bulimia. Which data best indicates that the plan of care is effective?

1. The client selects a balanced diet from the menu.

2. The client's hemoglobin and hematocrit improve.

3. The client's tissue turgor improves.

4. The client gains weight.

75. The client is admitted following repair of a fractured tibia and cast application. Which nursing assessment should be reported to the doctor?

1. Pain beneath the cast

2. Warm toes

3. Pedal pulses weak and rapid

4. Paresthesia of the toes

76. The client is having an arteriogram. During the procedure, the client tells the nurse, "I'm feeing really hot." Which response would be best?

1. "You are having an allergic reaction. I will get an order for Benadryl."

2. "That feeling of warmth is normal when the dye is injected."

3. "That feeling of warmth indicates that the clots in the coronary vessels are dissolving."

4. "I will tell your doctor and let him explain to you the reason for the hot feeling that you are experiencing."

77. The nurse is observing several healthcare workers providing care. Which action by the healthcare worker indicates a need for further teaching?

1. The nursing assistant wears gloves while giving the client a bath.

2. The nurse wears goggles while drawing blood from the client.

3. The doctor washes his hands before examining the client.

4. The nurse wears gloves to take the client's vital signs.

78. The client is having electroconvulsive therapy for treatment of severe depression. Which of the following indicates that the client's ECT has been effective?

1. The client loses consciousness.

2. The client vomits.

3. The client's ECG indicates tachycardia.

4. The client has a grand mal seizure.

79. The 5-year-old is being tested for enterobiasis (pinworms). To collect a specimen for assessment of pinworms, the nurse should teach the mother to:

1. Examine the perianal area with a flashlight 2 or 3 hours after the child is asleep

2. Scrape the skin with a piece of cardboard and bring it to the clinic

3. Obtain a stool specimen in the afternoon

4. Bring a hair sample to the clinic for evaluation

80. The nurse is teaching the mother regarding treatment for enterobiasis. Which instruction should be given regarding the medication?

1. Treatment is not recommended for children less than 10 years of age.

2. The entire family should be treated.

3. Medication therapy will continue for 1 year.

4. Intravenous antibiotic therapy will be ordered.

81. The registered nurse is making assignments for the day. Which client should be assigned to the pregnant nurse?

1. The client receiving linear accelerator radiation therapy for lung cancer

2. The client with a radium implant for cervical cancer

3. The client who has just been administered soluble brachytherapy for thyroid cancer

4. The client who returned from placement of iridium seeds for prostate cancer

82. The nurse is planning room assignments for the day. Which client should be assigned to a private room if only one is available?

1. The client with Cushing's disease

2. The client with diabetes

3. The client with acromegaly

4. The client with myxedema

83. The nurse caring for a client in the neonatal intensive care unit administers adult-strength Digitalis to the 3-pound infant. As a result of her actions, the baby suffers permanent heart and brain damage. The nurse can be charged with:

1. Negligence

2. Tort

3. Assault

4. Malpractice

84. Which assignment should not be performed by the licensed practical nurse?

1. Inserting a Foley catheter

2. Discontinuing a nasogastric tube

3. Obtaining a sputum specimen

4. Starting a blood transfusion

85. The client returns to the unit from surgery with a blood pressure of 90/50, pulse 132, and respirations 30. Which action by the nurse should receive priority?

1. Continuing to monitor the vital signs

2. Contacting the physician

3. Asking the client how he feels

4. Asking the LPN to continue the post-op care

86. Which nurse should be assigned to care for the postpartal client with preeclampsia?

1. The RN with 2 weeks of experience in postpartum

2. The RN with 3 years of experience in labor and delivery

3. The RN with 10 years of experience in surgery

4. The RN with 1 year of experience in the neonatal intensive care unit

87. Which information should be reported to the state Board of Nursing?

1. The facility fails to provide literature in both Spanish and English.

2. The narcotic count has been incorrect on the unit for the past 3 days.

3. The client fails to receive an itemized account of his bills and services received during his hospital stay.

4. The nursing assistant assigned to the client with hepatitis fails to feed the client and give the bath.

88. The nurse is suspected of charting medication administration that he did not give. After talking to the nurse, the charge nurse should:

1. Call the Board of Nursing

2. File a formal reprimand

3. Terminate the nurse

4. Charge the nurse with a tort

89. The home health nurse is planning for the day's visits. Which client should be seen first?

1. The 78-year-old who had a gastrectomy 3 weeks ago and has a PEG tube

2. The 5-month-old discharged 1 week ago with pneumonia who is being treated with amoxicillin liquid suspension

3. The 50-year-old with MRSA being treated with Vancomycin via a PICC line

4. The 30-year-old with an exacerbation of multiple sclerosis being treated with cortisone via a centrally placed venous catheter

90. The emergency room is flooded with clients injured in a tornado. Which clients can be assigned to share a room in the emergency department during the disaster?

1. A schizophrenic client having visual and auditory hallucinations and the client with ulcerative colitis

2. The client who is 6 months pregnant with abdominal pain and the client with facial lacerations and a broken arm

3. A child whose pupils are fixed and dilated and his parents, and a client with a frontal head injury

4. The client who arrives with a large puncture wound to the abdomen and the client with chest pain

91. The nurse is caring for a 6-year-old client admitted with a diagnosis of conjunctivitis. Before administering eyedrops, the nurse should recognize that it is essential to consider which of the following?

1. The eye should be cleansed with warm water, removing any exudate, before instilling the eyedrops.

2. The child should be allowed to instill his own eyedrops.

3. The mother should be allowed to instill the eyedrops.

4. If the eye is clear from any redness or edema, the eyedrops should be held.

92. The nurse is discussing meal planning with the mother of a 2-year-old toddler. Which of the following statements, if made by the mother, would require a need for further instruction?

1. "It is okay to give my child white grape juice for breakfast."

2. "My child can have a grilled cheese sandwich for lunch."

3. "We are going on a camping trip this weekend, and I have bought hot dogs to grill for his lunch."

4. "For a snack, my child can have ice cream."

93. A 2-year-old toddler is admitted to the hospital. Which of the following nursing interventions would you expect?

1. Ask the parent/guardian to leave the room when assessments are being performed.

2. Ask the parent/guardian to take the child's favorite blanket home because anything from the outside should not be brought into the hospital.

3. Ask the parent/guardian to room-in with the child.

4. If the child is screaming, tell him this is inappropriate behavior.

94. Which instruction should be given to the client who is fitted for a behind-the-ear hearing aid?

1. Remove the mold and clean every week.

2. Store the hearing aid in a warm place.

3. Clean the lint from the hearing aid with a toothpick.

4. Change the batteries weekly.

95. A priority nursing diagnosis for a child being admitted from surgery following a tonsillectomy is:

1. Body image disturbance

2. Impaired verbal communication

3. Risk for aspiration

4. Pain

96. A client with bacterial pneumonia is admitted to the pediatric unit. What would the nurse expect the admitting assessment to reveal?

1. High fever

2. Nonproductive cough

3. Rhinitis

4. Vomiting and diarrhea

97. The nurse is caring for a client admitted with epiglottis. Because of the possibility of complete obstruction of the airway, which of the following should the nurse have available?

1. Intravenous access supplies

2. A tracheostomy set

3. Intravenous fluid administration pump

4. Supplemental oxygen

98. A 25-year-old client with Grave's disease is admitted to the unit. What would the nurse expect the admitting assessment to reveal?

1. Bradycardia

2. Decreased appetite

3. Exophthalmos

4. Weight gain

99. The nurse is providing dietary instructions to the mother of an 8-year-old child diagnosed with celiac disease. Which of the following foods, if selected by the mother, would indicate her understanding of the dietary instructions?

1. Ham sandwich on whole-wheat toast

2. Spaghetti and meatballs

3. Hamburger with ketchup

4. Cheese omelet

100. The nurse is caring for an 80-year-old with chronic bronchitis. Upon the morning rounds, the nurse finds an O₂ sat of 76%. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?

1. Notify the physician

2. Recheck the O₂ saturation level in 15 minutes

3. Apply oxygen by mask

4. Assess the child's pulse

101. A gravida III para 0 is admitted to the labor and delivery unit. The doctor performs an amniotomy. Which observation would the nurse be expected to make after the amniotomy?

1. Fetal heart tones 160bpm

2. A moderate amount of straw-colored fluid

3. A small amount of greenish fluid

4. A small segment of the umbilical cord

102. The client is admitted to the unit. A vaginal exam reveals that she is 2cm dilated. Which of the following statements would the nurse expect her to make?

1. "We have a name picked out for the baby."

2. "I need to push when I have a contraction."

3. "I can't concentrate if anyone is touching me."

4. "When can I get my epidural?"

103. The client is having fetal heart rates of 90–110bpm during the contractions. The first action the nurse should take is:

1. Reposition the monitor

2. Turn the client to her left side

3. Ask the client to ambulate

4. Prepare the client for delivery

104. In evaluating the effectiveness of IV Pitocin for a client with secondary dystocia, the nurse should expect:

1. A painless delivery

2. Cervical effacement

3. Infrequent contractions

4. Progressive cervical dilation

105. A vaginal exam reveals a footling breech presentation. The nurse should take which of the following actions at this time?

1. Anticipate the need for a Caesarean section

2. Apply the fetal heart monitor

3. Place the client in Genu Pectoral position

4. Perform an ultrasound exam

106. A vaginal exam reveals that the cervix is 4cm dilated, with intact membranes and a fetal heart tone rate of 160–170bpm. The nurse decides to apply an external fetal monitor. The rationale for this implementation is:

1. The cervix is closed.

2. The membranes are still intact.

3. The fetal heart tones are within normal limits.

4. The contractions are intense enough for insertion of an internal monitor.

107. The following are all nursing diagnoses appropriate for a gravida 1 para 0 in labor. Which one would be most appropriate for the primagravida as she completes the early phase of labor?

1. Impaired gas exchange related to hyperventilation

2. Alteration in placental perfusion related to maternal position

3. Impaired physical mobility related to fetal-monitoring equipment

4. Potential fluid volume deficit related to decreased fluid intake

108. As the client reaches 8cm dilation, the nurse notes late decelerations on the fetal monitor. The FHR baseline is 165–175bpm with variability of 0–2bpm. What is the most likely explanation of this pattern?

1. The baby is asleep.

2. The umbilical cord is compressed.

3. There is a vagal response.

4. There is uteroplacental insufficiency.

109. The nurse notes variable decelerations on the fetal monitor strip. The most appropriate initial action would be to:

1. Notify her doctor

2. Start an IV

3. Reposition the client

4. Readjust the monitor

110. Which of the following is a characteristic of a reassuring fetal heart rate pattern?

1. A fetal heart rate of 170–180bpm

2. A baseline variability of 25–35bpm

3. Ominous periodic changes

4. Acceleration of FHR with fetal movements

111. The rationale for inserting a French catheter every hour for the client with epidural anesthesia is:

1. The bladder fills more rapidly because of the medication used for the epidural.

2. Her level of consciousness is such that she is in a trancelike state.

3. The sensation of the bladder filling is diminished or lost.

4. She is embarrassed to ask for the bedpan that frequently.

112. A client in the family planning clinic asks the nurse about the most likely time for her to conceive. The nurse explains that conception is most likely to occur when:

1. Estrogen levels are low.

2. Lutenizing hormone is high.

3. The endometrial lining is thin.

4. The progesterone level is low.

113. A client tells the nurse that she plans to use the rhythm method of birth control. The nurse is aware that the success of the rhythm method depends on the:

1. Age of the client

2. Frequency of intercourse

3. Regularity of the menses

4. Range of the client's temperature

114. A client with diabetes asks the nurse for advice regarding methods of birth control. Which method of birth control is most suitable for the client with diabetes?

1. Intrauterine device

2. Oral contraceptives

3. Diaphragm

4. Contraceptive sponge

115. The doctor suspects that the client has an ectopic pregnancy. Which symptom is consistent with a diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy?

1. Painless vaginal bleeding

2. Abdominal cramping

3. Throbbing pain in the upper quadrant

4. Sudden, stabbing pain in the lower quadrant

116. The nurse is teaching a pregnant client about nutritional needs during pregnancy. Which menu selection will best meet the nutritional needs of the pregnant client?

1. Hamburger pattie, green beans, French fries, and iced tea

2. Roast beef sandwich, potato chips, baked beans, and cola

3. Baked chicken, fruit cup, potato salad, coleslaw, yogurt, and iced tea

4. Fish sandwich, gelatin with fruit, and coffee

117. The client with hyperemesis gravidarum is at risk for developing:

1. Respiratory alkalosis without dehydration

2. Metabolic acidosis with dehydration

3. Respiratory acidosis without dehydration

4. Metabolic alkalosis with dehydration

118. A client tells the doctor that she is about 20 weeks pregnant. The most definitive sign of pregnancy is:

1. Elevated human chorionic gonadatropin

2. The presence of fetal heart tones

3. Uterine enlargement

4. Breast enlargement and tenderness

119. The nurse is caring for a neonate whose mother is diabetic. The nurse will expect the neonate to be:

1. Hypoglycemic, small for gestational age

2. Hyperglycemic, large for gestational age

3. Hypoglycemic, large for gestational age

4. Hyperglycemic, small for gestational age

120. Which of the following instructions should be included in the nurse's teaching regarding oral contraceptives?

1. Weight gain should be reported to the physician.

2. An alternate method of birth control is needed when taking antibiotics.

3. If the client misses one or more pills, two pills should be taken per day for 1 week.

4. Changes in the menstrual flow should be reported to the physician.

121. The nurse is discussing breastfeeding with a postpartum client. Breastfeeding is contraindicated in the postpartum client with:

1. Diabetes

2. Positive HIV

3. Hypertension

4. Thyroid disease

122. A client is admitted to the labor and delivery unit complaining of vaginal bleeding with very little discomfort. The nurse's first action should be to:

1. Assess the fetal heart tones

2. Check for cervical dilation

3. Check for firmness of the uterus

4. Obtain a detailed history

123. A client telephones the emergency room stating that she thinks that she is in labor. The nurse should tell the client that labor has probably begun when:

1. Her contractions are 2 minutes apart.

2. She has back pain and a bloody discharge.

3. She experiences abdominal pain and frequent urination.

4. Her contractions are 5 minutes apart.

124. The nurse is teaching a group of prenatal clients about the effects of cigarette smoke on fetal development. Which characteristic is associated with babies born to mothers who smoked during pregnancy?

1. Low birth weight

2. Large for gestational age

3. Preterm birth, but appropriate size for gestation

4. Growth retardation in weight and length

125. The physician has ordered an injection of RhoGam for the postpartum client whose blood type is A negative but whose baby is O positive. To provide postpartum prophylaxis, RhoGam should be administered:

1. Within 72 hours of delivery

2. Within 1 week of delivery

3. Within 2 weeks of delivery

4. Within 1 month of delivery